There have been penalties for those who looked the other way when Epstein was convicted of child sex offences and decided to maintain relationships with the financier — but not for the British ambassador to Washington, reveals SOLOMON HUGHES

ALL models are wrong, but some are useful. This aphorism is generally attributed to a statistician in the 1970s, but its message is much older, and its truth is much more widely applicable than just to statistical models.
All representations of the world are “models,” that is, depictions of reality, or some aspect of it. They are “wrong” because they purposefully simplify reality — to make it comprehensible, or to extract a perspective through one particular lens.
When violence is inflicted on people by the powerful, they work very hard to control the story of what has happened. They offer an account of the world, a model, to describe what has happened on their terms.

What’s behind the stubborn gender gap in Stem disciplines ask ROX MIDDLETON, LIAM SHAW and MIRIAM GAUNTLETT in their column Science and Society

While politicians condemned fascist bombing of Spanish civilians in 1937, they ignored identical RAF tactics across the colonies. Today’s aerial warfare continues this pattern of applying different moral standards based on geography and race, write ROX MIDDLETON, LIAM SHAW and MIRIAM GAUNTLETT

The distinction between domestic and military drones is more theoretical than practical, write ROX MIDDLETON, LIAM SHAW and MIRIAM GAUNTLETT

Nature's self-reconstruction is both intriguing and beneficial and as such merits human protection, write ROX MIDDLETON, LIAM SHAW and MIRIAM GAUNTLETT