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The Morning Star 2026 Conference
Human error holds back the revolution
The Morning Star marks the centenary of the founding of the Communist Party of China with a series of articles by CARLOS MARTINEZ. This week he looks at the Cultural Revolution of 1966-76
REVOLUTIONARY FERVOUR: (L to R) Big-characters posted on the campus of Peking University and Mao Zedong and Lin Biao surrounded by rallying Red Guards in Beijing on December 1 1966 [China Pictorial/Creative Commons]

THE Cultural Revolution started in 1966 as a mass movement of university and school students, incited and encouraged by Mao and others on the left of the CPC leadership. 

Student groups formed in Beijing calling themselves Red Guards and taking up Mao’s call to “thoroughly criticise and repudiate the reactionary bourgeois ideas in the sphere of academic work, education, journalism, literature and art.”

The students produced “big-character posters” (dazibao) setting out their analysis against, and making their demands of, anti-revolutionary bourgeois elements in authority. 

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